wholesale celtic jewelry supplies How to distinguish the authenticity and quality of jewelry?

wholesale jewelry spain Step 1: The logo (the certificate also depends on the logo)
We we can confirm the testing agency of the certificate issued by the certificate on the certificate to obtain the special qualification certification. Essence
"CMA" is an English abbreviation of China Metrology. It is a comprehensive certification and evaluation of the testing of the testing agency by the provincial -level people's governments at the provincial government at or above the provincial people's government at or above the provincial level. The sign refers to the unit that is a unit of measurement and certification review, and it is a qualification that any unit issuing a jewelry appraisal certificate. The inspection report with the "CMA" mark can be used for product quality evaluation, results and judicial appraisal, and has legal effect.

Step 2: Appearance description (check -out)
The next is to confirm whether the jewelery and jade that the purchased purchase is consistent with the sample described in the certificate, including: photos of samples, labels on labels, labels The weight of the certificate, the appearance of the jewelry, and the description correspond to one by one.
photos are direct evidence that distinguish between different jewelry and jade. The identification certificate photos are clear and accurate, which will greatly increase the difficulty of falsification. However, in some cases, because the jewelry style is similar and the photos are similar, it is difficult to distinguish. At this time, the accurate weight is another valid data that can be verified. In addition to photos and weight, the identification certificate will also provide some distinctive appearance characteristics, such as the sugar color of jade, the bracelet's hand inch, and so on.

The third step: the detection content (the most important content)
This should be the test content we are most concerned about, and it is necessary to know which content on the certificate is the most important.
This diamond grading certificate: The most important thing is the color level and clarity level of the diamond. Some certificates also have the proportion of diamonds.
This metal jewelry purity inspection certificate: The most important is of course the type and content of precious metals.
Jewelry and jade appraisal certificate: Test conclusion is the most important. According to national standards, natural jewelry and jade no longer indicate the word "natural", and gems that have been manually treated or synthesized must be clearly shown. (Treatment) "is a specific processing method, indicating that this ruby ​​is a natural gem, but in order to improve its appearance, it has been manually handled by some method; Artificial laboratory is synthetic.
"Remarks" column: Generally, some samples of relatively special states are encountered during general testing, which will be explained and indicated in the remarks. For example, in Hetian Yu's identification certificate, once the surface treatment is involved, the specific processing method will be indicated in the remarks.

It Step 4: Observatory or inspection logo
to prevent the certification of the appraisal agency from being faked, the appraisal certificate must be covered with the seal of the unit. It is a seal stamped after the test.
The large appraisal machines today are heavy anti -counterfeiting. For example, Xinjiang Rock Mine -Jade Monte Quality Inspection Station also added the Internet inquiry function in the new version of it opened in 2007. When querying, you need to enter the batch verification code and the verification code of the enterprise, so that consumers can use convenient ways to verify, and inquire online to understand the relevant information about the jewelry and jade.

Step 5: Understand the standard
The basis for judging jewelery and jade appraisal of general identification certificates. ; GB/T 16553 Jewelry and Jade Lapture; GB/T 16554 diamond classification; GB/T 18043 non -destructive detection method of precious metal jewelry content X -ray fluorescent spectrum method; GB 11887 jewelry precious metal purity regulations and naming methods.
It, if you see one or two of these standards, you can know what kind of standards are jewelery and jade. In addition, there should be more than two appraisers signatures and the appraisal date of the certificate. After understanding these five parts, the baby you like is true or false, and whether the certificate is in line will come out.

Step 6: Understand basic knowledge
The following is the noun explanation of inspection items often seen in the jewelry identification certificate:
color color
The feeling of light wave (visible light 390nm to 780nm) produces in the brain. It can be seen that after the selective absorption of the optical object, the color produced by the mixing of the remaining light waves is the color of the object.
The optical characteristics Optical Character
This material has a effect on the direction and dissemination direction of incident light. Axial and positive light characteristics.
The optical average ISOTropic Material
This refers to the same substances in various aspects, referred to as homogeneous body. The material of the axis system and non -crystal is optical average.
The light -nature non -average body Material
This is a substance in different directions in various directions, referred to as non -average body. Except for the shaft crystal and non -crystal materials, they are all light non -average body.
This refers to two special directions (two light shafts), and no dual refractive crystals occur when the two directions are parallel. The crystal of the trapezine, the single -inclined crystal system, and the three -diagonal crystal are the two -axis crystal.
The refractive index dual refractive index INDEX,
The ratio of light in air (or vacuum) in air (or vacuum) is the refractive index in the gem material, also known as the discount rate.
The maximum difference between the two or three main refractive indexes in the non -average body is dual refractive index, also known as heavy refractive index (or heavy discount rate).
The absorption spectrum SPECTRUM
Plip the spectrum that is selected to be absorbed when the light -shot jewelery and jade material of the continuous spectrum. The narrow sense refers to the phenomenon of black belts or black lines on the spectral chart in the range of visible light (700-400nm) due to selective absorption.
The luster
The ability and characteristics of reflecting light on the surface of the material. Divided by gloss: Metallic Luster, semi -metallic luster, diamond gloss (), and vitreous luster; special gloss caused by collection or surface characteristics: oil gloss (fat gloss (fat gloss (fat luster (fat luster (gly gloss Greasy Luster, Waxy Luster, Pearly Luster, Silky Luster and so on.
transparentness
This refers to the degree of light transmission of jewelry and jade materials. It can be divided into: transparent (), sub -transparent (), translucent (), micro -transparent (), and opacity.
UV fluorescence
This can be seen when using ultraviolet light to illuminate jewelry and jade. The strength and weakness of the light is divided into: strong, medium, weak, no.
The fire color scattered value Fire, value
When the white light is illuminated to transparent face -to -face gemstones, the phenomenon of spectrum color flickering due to the scattered color is called fire color.
The color dispersing value is the physical quantity of the color dispersion strength (that is, the strong fire color) of the reflected material. Theoretically, the refractive index of the refractive index of this material compared to the red light (B = 686.7nm) is represented by the refractive index of the purple light (G = 430.8nm). Essence
density density
The density of gems refers to the quality of the unit volume material. The unit is G/CM3.
Hardness
The hardness refers to the ability of gem material to resist external schemes, pressing or grinding. Gem hardness is represented by Mo's hardness in mineral studies.
The diararous fracture cracks Cleavage, frame, parting
The explanation refers to the nature of the crystal direction of the crystal under the infraction of the crystal. The explanation is divided into extremely complete, complete, medium, and incomplete.
This means refers to the properties of irregular rupture surfaces under the action of the crystal. Common types of fracture are: uneven, jagged, shell -like.
The crack is a cracking properties of the crystal direction (such as dual crystal binding surface) under the infraction of the crystal.
In internal characteristics InternaL Character
refers to the phenomenon of solid phase, liquid phase, gas -phase parcels contained in gem material Essence Such as: growth patterns, ribbons, double crystal patterns, diarrhea, cracks, etc.
In external features External Character
The external features are divided into external characteristics of crystals and external characteristics of cutting gemstones.
The external features of the crystal refer to special phenomena related to crystal, color, transparency, and gloss, such as crystal surface, longitudinal patterns, dual crystal patterns, growth concave pits and eclipse, soluble hills Waiting for phenomenon.
The external features of cutting gemstones refer to the phenomenon left during the cutting and polishing process, such as: scratches, polishing patterns (marks), microres, empty cavities, damage, burning marks, impact marks, fibrous waist waists The phenomenon of ridgeline, additional face, sharp or smooth ridgeline.
Optimized treatment
Is except cutting and polishing, all methods for improving the appearance of jewelry and jade (color, clarity, or special optical effect), durability or availability. Divided into two categories: optimization and processing.
optimized Enhancing
The optimal processing methods that are widely accepted by people, which make the potential beauty of jewelry and jade.
Treating
The non -traditional and not being accepted by people.
Copic optimization treatment methods
Optimized methods: heat treatment, bleaching, waxing, soaked colorless oil, dyeing (chalcedony, agate).
This treatment method: immersion color oil, filling (glass filling, plastic filling, or other polymers and other hard materials such as filling), wax (green pine), dyeing, radiation, laser drilling, film covering, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, spread, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, diffusion, and diffusion High temperature and high pressure treatment.